Anatomy - Right-sided through-the-knee amputation in Fontaine stage IV peripheral arterial disease

Anatomy Perioperative management Technique Complications Evidence Total Video

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Edith Leisten

MVZ St. Marien Köln - Ärztliche Leiterin

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Arterial pelvic blood supply

The abdominal aorta divides at the aortic bifurcation (around level L4) into both common iliac arteries
In turn, each common iliac artery divides into an internal and external iliac artery
With its visceral branches, the internal iliac artery supplies mainly the pelvic organs, while its parietal branches ensure the blood supply to the lower extremities
The external iliac artery contributes to the pelvic blood supply and, after passing through the vascular compartment (lacuna vasorum retroinguinalis), becomes the femoral artery

Origin	Arises from the common iliac artery immediately inferior to the aortic bifurcation
Course	Courses caudad over the superior border of the greater sciatic foramen.
Relation	Posterior: internal iliac vein, pirirformis muscle, lumbosacral plexus Anterior: ureter Lateral: external iliac vein, psoas major Inferior: obturator nerve
Branches	Visceral branches: Umbilical arteries Inferior vesical artery Middle rectal artery In women: Uterine artery Parietal branches: Iliolumbar artery Lateral sacral arteries Superior gluteal artery Inferior gluteal artery Obturator artery Internal pudendal artery
Arterial blood supply for	Pelvic organs, gluteal muscles

Origin	Arises from the common iliac artery immediately distal to the origin of the internal iliac artery
Course	Courses along the major psoas muscle to the inguinal ligament, and after passing through the vascular compartment becomes the femoral artery
Relation	The right external iliac artery courses posterior to the ureter The left ureter crosses somewhat lower anterior to the bifurcation of the external iliac artery
Branches	The deep iliac circumflex artery courses to the superior iliac spine and joins the Iliolumbar artery and superior gluteal artery The inferior epigastric artery runs craniad medial to the deep inguinal ring and between the transverse abdominis and rectus abdominis muscles; other branches include the cremasteric artery and artery of round ligament of uterus
Arterial blood supply for	Iliac bone, inferior aspect of abdominal wall

Arterial blood supply to the lower extremity

1. Femoral artery1,1. OverviewOriginExternal iliac artery which becomes the femoral artery after pa

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